In what circumstance would an active optical network typically be employed?

An active optical network is most commonly employed in situations where high bandwidth and signal strength are essential. This is because active optical networks use powered equipment, such as switches and amplifiers, which enhance the signal over longer distances and allow for the transmission of large amounts of data. This makes them particularly suitable for applications that require a robust and reliable network infrastructure, such as metropolitan area networks, enterprise settings, or data centers where a significant amount of data traffic is anticipated.

While low-cost installation might be considered in some choices, active optical networks typically require higher upfront costs due to the necessary active components and equipment. Similarly, although connecting multiple endpoints can be a function of an active network, this does not directly correlate to the necessity for high bandwidth. Likewise, while short-distance residential setups may use fiber optics, passive optical networks are often preferred for their lower costs and simplicity in those scenarios. Active optical networks shine in applications where performance and capabilities, such as high bandwidth, are the primary objectives.