What does refractive index measure in fiber optics?

Refractive index is a fundamental property in fiber optics that quantifies how much light slows down when it passes through a medium compared to its speed in a vacuum. It is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium. In the context of fiber optics, the refractive index determines how light is guided through the fiber. A higher refractive index indicates that light will slow down more in the material, which is crucial for effective light transmission and maintaining signal integrity within the fibers.

This property directly influences the design and performance of optical fibers, affecting aspects such as light propagation, total internal reflection, and the overall efficiency of the fiber in transmitting data. Recognizing how refractive index impacts light behavior in various materials is essential for technicians working in fiber optics, as it informs decisions about fiber selection and installation practices.